零基础学Python之列表、元组和字符串

#跟创建普通变量一样，创建列表只需用[]将一堆数据扩起来就OK了
>>>number=[1,2,3,4,5]
>>>mix=[1,'大神',3.14,[1,2,3]]
>>>empty=[]#空列表

# 添加一个元素
>>>number=[1,2,3,4,5]
>>>number.append(6)
>>>number
[1,2,3,4,5,6]

# 添加多个元素
>>>number.extend([7,8])
>>>number
[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]

# 指定位置插入
>>>number.insert(0,0)#第一个参数指定插入的位置，第二个参数指定插入的数
>>>number
[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]

>>>name=["小明","小红","小李","小强"]
>>>name[0]
'小明'
>>>name[3]
'小强'

# 位置互调
>>>name[1],name[3]=name[3],name[1]
>>>name
['小明','小强','小李','小红']

# 删除指定内容
>>>name=["小明","小红","小李","小强"]
>>>name.remove("小明")
>>>name
['小红','小李','小强']

# 删除指定位置
>>>del name[1]
>>>name
['小红','小强']
>>>del name#删除整个列表

# pop出栈
>>>name=["小明","小红","小李","小强"]
>>>name.pop()
'小强'
>>>name.pop()
'小李'
>>>name
['小名','小红']

# pop()还可以弹出指定位置元素
>>>name=["小明","小红","小李","小强"]
>>>name.pop(2)
'小李'
>>>name
['小明','小红','小强']

>>>name=["小明","小红","小李","小强"]
>>>name[0:2]
['小明','小红']
>>>name[:2]
['小明','小红']
>>>name[1:]
['小红','小李','小强']
>>>name[:]
['小明','小红','小李','小强']

# 列表分片进阶玩法
>>>list1=[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
>>>list1[0:9:2]#或者list1[::2]
[1,3,5,7,9]
>>>list1[::-1]
[9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1]

>>>dir(list)#可以返回列表的所有方法
.........
>>>list1=[1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21]
# count()
>>>list1.count(1)
2

# index()
>>>list1.index(1) #返回参数在列表中的位置
0
>>>list1.index(1,1,8)#从1位置开始找
1

# reverse()
>>>list1=[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]
>>>list1.reverse()
>>>list1
[8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1]

# sort()
>>>list1=[8,9,3,5,2,6,10,1,0]
>>>list1.sort()
>>>lsit1
[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]

# sort(reverse=True)
>>>list1=[8,9,3,5,2,6,10,1,0]
>>>list1.sort(reverse=True)
>>>list1
[10,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1,0]